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TIME: Almanac 1995
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TIME Almanac 1995.iso
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1994-03-25
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<text id=91TT1512>
<title>
July 08, 1991: Bad Blood In France
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
July 08, 1991 Who Are We?
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
MEDICINE, Page 48
Bad Blood In France
</hdr><body>
<p>A scandal erupts over the sale of AIDS-tainted clotting factor
to hemophiliacs
</p>
<p> What did you know and when did you know it? That is the
question that hemophiliacs in France are hurling at doctors and
government officials after it was revealed that the country's
National Center of Blood Transfusion (CNTS) had knowingly
distributed AIDS-contaminated blood products to hemophiliacs in
1985. The scandal, which broke two months ago, prompted the
center's director to resign, and an official government
investigation is under way.
</p>
<p> The furor began when L'Evenement du Jeudi, a weekly
magazine, published the confidential minutes of a 1985 CNTS
meeting during which agency officials concluded that 100% of the
concentrated blood-clotting factors used to treat French
hemophiliacs were contaminated with the AIDS virus (HIV). The
agency, which has a monopoly on blood for transfusions, not only
kept its suspicions secret, but it had also ignored a 1984
recommendation from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control that
blood products be heated in order to kill the deadly virus.
</p>
<p> In July 1985 the CNTS finally decided to heat treat all
blood products and to institute national testing of donated
blood. But for the next three months, the agency continued to
sell the tainted stock to hemophiliacs without warning them of
the risk. That policy, which was approved by the Ministry of
Health and the French Association of Hemophiliacs, was
reportedly intended to ward off a blood shortage. But critics
allege that the CNTS was trying to avoid the cost of purchasing
heat-treated blood from foreign labs. National pride may have
also played a role: with a bitter rivalry raging between French
and American researchers over who discovered the AIDS virus, the
French may have been loath to buy American-developed
heat-treatment equipment.
</p>
<p> Whatever the reasons, the secrecy and delays produced
catastrophic results. Because of the tainted transfusions,
nearly half of France's 3,000 hemophiliacs were infected with
the AIDS virus; 200 of them subsequently developed the disease,
and 180 have died. "It was criminal of them to leave the
nonheated blood on the market," says Jean-Yves Lesne, whose two
hemophiliac sons received HIV-contaminated blood products. "I
am in the food industry, and if this had happened there, they
would be in jail."
</p>
<p> Adding to the scandal is an offer of blood money. Two
years ago, an insurance company sent letters to the HIV-infected
hemophiliacs offering them 100,000 francs ($16,420)--partly
funded by the government--if they agreed not to press charges.
Most accepted the deal but 400 families, including Lesne's, are
now suing the government for negligence.
</p>
<p>-- By Andrea Dorfman. Reported by Susanna
Schrobsdorff/Paris
</p>
</body></article>
</text>